Search results for "Extraembryonic Membranes"

showing 2 items of 2 documents

Severe pre-eclampsia is associated with alterations in cytotrophoblasts of the smooth chorion.

2016

Pre-eclampsia (PE), which affects ∼8% of first pregnancies, is associated with faulty placentation. Extravillous cytotrophoblasts (CTBs) fail to differentiate properly, contributing to shallow uterine invasion and deficient spiral artery remodeling. We studied the effects of severe PE (sPE) on the smooth chorion portion of the fetal membranes. The results showed a significant expansion of the CTB layer. The cells displayed enhanced expression of stage-specific antigens that extravillous CTBs normally upregulate as they exit the placenta. Transcriptomics revealed the dysregulated expression of many genes (e.g. placental proteins, markers of oxidative stress). We confirmed an sPE-related incr…

0301 basic medicineAdultSpiral arteryTranscription GeneticPlacentaHuman DevelopmentCTBSExtraembryonic MembranesBiology210Andrology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDownregulation and upregulationPre-EclampsiaPregnancyPlacentamedicineHumansPregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-AMolecular BiologyCytotrophoblastPAPPA1Cell ProliferationFetus030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicineCytotrophoblastPlacentationGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalPreterm birthChorionPlacentationTrophoblastsOxidative Stress030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureImmunologyembryonic structuresKeratinsFemaleCytotrophoblastsTranscriptomeDevelopmental BiologyProtein BindingHumanDevelopment (Cambridge, England)
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Intravascular pillars and pruning in the extraembryonic vessels of chick embryos.

2010

To investigate the local mechanical forces associated with intravascular pillars and vessel pruning, we studied the conducting vessels in the extraembryonic circulation of the chick embryo. During the development days 13-17, intravascular pillars and blood flow parameters were identified using fluorescent vascular tracers and digital time-series video reconstructions. The geometry of selected vessels was confirmed by corrosion casting and scanning electron microscopy. Computational simulations of pruning vessels suggested that serial pillars form along pre-existing velocity streamlines; blood pressure demonstrated no obvious spatial relationship with the intravascular pillars. Modeling a Re…

PeriodicityExtraembryonic MembranesNeovascularization PhysiologicChick EmbryoBiologyArticleMicrocirculationsymbols.namesakeMicroscopyShear stressAnimalsStreamlines streaklines and pathlinesComputer SimulationReynolds numberEndothelial CellsBlood flowAnatomyShear (sheet metal)Regional Blood FlowsymbolsBlood Vesselssense organsStress MechanicalCorrosion CastingDevelopmental BiologyBiomedical engineeringDevelopmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists
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